What is Load Balancing?
- A load balancer is a server that forwards incoming traffic to multiple downstream servers (e.g., EC2 instances).
- In AWS, Elastic Load Balancer (ELB) automatically distributes incoming application or network traffic across multiple targets.
- Requests are routed to healthy instances based on load, availability, and routing algorithms.
High-level flow:
Users → ELB DNS Name → Load balancer → Multiple EC2 instances in one or more AZs.